Frontier Zero Series

Matthew Schneider - Pioneers of Wyoming Sustainability Series by Jon Gardzelewski

Written by Lauren Miller


[Regarding sustainable building] Wyoming is still certainly a closed climate. BERG is doing a lot in this respect. My experience with BERG has been the best thing that I’ve experienced in my studies, especially to get to see the buildings going up around the state. It’s been absolutely great.
— Matthew Schneider

Matthew Schneider in downtown Laramie.

Matthew Schneider in downtown Laramie.

Students can often be overlooked when compiling lists of change-makers, but it's clear that Matthew Schneider should be recognized in this series. Schneider worked with BERG first as an undergraduate student and then later as he pursued his Master's. With great things on his horizon, he will surely be one of the innovators in sustainability and beyond to watch.

Schneider began his career at the University of Wyoming as an Architectural Engineering undergraduate. This was when he got his first experiences with the BERG program. Having had classes and advising sessions with Dr. Anthony Denzer and Jon Gardzelewski, he was familiar with the group and had made an impression on the professors who were involved. Thus began Schneider's involvement with BERG. After completion of his undergraduate degree, Schneider went on to pursue a graduate degree, also in Architectural Engineering, at the University of Wyoming.

Schneider worked on a variety of projects with the BERG program. Starting with looking at energy simulations among other work during his undergraduate career, he was integral in many of the BERG projects. One of the key projects that Schneider worked on was helping to gather the information and design elements to develop the catalog which BERG now uses to show clients possibilities for new homes.

The Crowheart project began when Schneider was a graduate student. After being in contact with the Hedlunds, the clients for the project, Schneider began work. The Hedlunds had a clear vision for what they wanted in the house and the ideal layout, and Schneider came in on the drafting and technical side to help begin to build the Hedlunds dream home. There were many aspects of the project which were both challenging and rewarding, especially since Schneider was still a student at the time. Schneider contributed significantly to the planning phase by providing instruments such as 3D representations of the building. There were a lot of technical details to be considered in building such an energy tight home and ensuring that details could be to standards. The experience provided Schneider with architectural experience which most students do not receive until after college.

Midday at the Crowheart project.

Midday at the Crowheart project.

Schneider contributed much to the design and what is currently coming to fruition at the build site. He helped design and pushed for the indoor greenhouse rooms, one of the unique features of the home. Another feature that was unique for Wyoming's snowy  climate is the roof. The Hedlunds had originally wanted a completely flat roof, to help minimize the visual impact which the home had on it's environment; however, the weight of snowfall received in the state prevented such a design. An agreement was reached with a slightly angled roof, which still helps to blend the home into its setting but also remain safe in the winter months. There were many aspects of the unusual build which presented a thought exercise for Schneider, but he made the plans with innovation and grace, clearly well-prepared for such a challenge. "I think that building what the client is looking for is always the biggest challenge, because there's no one right answer", Schneider continues, "Regardless of what anyone says about the design [of the Crowheart project], and even if [the homeowners] question decisions in five or ten years, compared to what is mostly going up in this state, this is absolutely the right thing to do".

Much of Schneider's experience with BERG helped him greatly in his graduate education. His Crowheart experiences were invaluable for his thesis work, which focused on energy codes in Wyoming, which is very much tied into the kind of build at Crowheart. When asked about what takeaways he had from the project, Schneider replied, "Well, foremost, the experience itself. Going through the designs iterations and working on this type of project. Doing this project alongside my studies at the University of Wyoming helped reaffirm my thesis project and seeing that it was true, seeing what it takes to build an energy efficient home in Wyoming".

Through experiences and education, Schneider has been able to cement a few aspects of what he would like to do in the future. He enjoys the process of getting to design someone a home, "One of the great things about the Hedlunds was their involvement. We got to explore and discover what they really wanted". His experiences with Engineers Without Borders as well as personal inclination have led him to pursue his own research, and he is currently conducting independent research about refugee housing in Turkey, "[The independent research] It's hard to define. I'm looking more at refugee housing actually. I'm branching more into theory now and socio-cultural aspects. It's a departure from zero-energy home design". Although Schneider will still be focusing on architecture, he is widening to include sociologic impacts and other related disciplines in his research. After his research in Turkey, he plans on returning to school to become a licensed architect as well pursue a doctorate degree. Schneider's drive and work have the capacity to provide lasting change and he has placed his own footprint already in the field of Wyoming sustainable building and is sure to do so on a state, if not global scale.


Dr. Anthony Denzer - Pioneers of Wyoming Sustainability Profiles by Jon Gardzelewski

by Lauren Miller


It’s the big challenge of our time - how to use energy more responsibly, while not going backwards in terms of our standards of living and our comfort
— Dr. Anthony Denzer

TD portrait for BERG.jpg

Dr. Anthony Denzer is an integral member of the College of Engineering, and his innovations in the field of sustainable building in Wyoming are nothing short of revolutionary. Dr. Denzer began his academic journey studying journalism at the University of California Berkeley, before moving on to get his M.Arch from the University of Kansas and ultimately obtaining his Ph.D in Architecture from the University of California Los Angeles. He came upon the University of Wyoming as he was researching possible careers, and after visiting the campus and meeting the faculty and the students, he knew it would be a perfect fit. He has been working at the university the past thirteen years.

The interest in architecture for Dr. Denzer had been instilled from an early age. He grew up following his father to construction sites and looking at pipe fittings. Getting to see the inner-workings of the buildings helped to instill the early knowledge and interest of building. As he started pursuing architecture in school, he was very drawn to the historical aspects of architecture. The historical context of building brought Dr. Denzer to look more closely at sustainable building practices, "History was always my favorite class, I was spending more time in the library than I was in the drafting room". This fascination with the historical aspects of architecture gave him a unique view when he approached new projects. This view has benefited him professionally and can also be observed in his book The Solar House: Pioneering Sustainable Design which delves into the history and present of solar houses. 

The sun rises near the Crowheart project, one of the houses which BERG is currently working to help build.

The sun rises near the Crowheart project, one of the houses which BERG is currently working to help build.

With his interest in historical architecture, one period in time that stood out was the 20th century and the relationship between building standards, and energy costs and usage. "Throughout the 20th century buildings were built poorly, because they were built on the premise of free energy. Buildings were very leaky, they were very poorly insulated". In particular, in the 1930's to the 1950's, required energy inputs weren't heavily weighted when buildings were designed. With rising energy prices as well as a societal shift in consciousness about energy usage, Dr. Denzer recognized the changes which were necessary and were just starting to be implemented. He saw the problems that building more energy efficient buildings could minimize. The argument for green building lies in the fact that reducing energy use benefits all, regardless of goals. Economically, there's sound logic to building homes that can use less energy and be more efficient with the energy which it uses. 

One step in moving towards green building for Dr. Denzer was obtaining his LEED accreditation. LEED, which stands for Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design, can be used as a score card of sorts to assess buildings on aspects of environmental impacts and energy efficiency. Although there are aspects of LEED which are no longer innovative compared to the stringent standards which other certifications provide, Dr. Denzer insists, "LEED did tremendous good in establishing the green building agenda and getting widespread acceptance. A lot of the LEED principles are subsumed in the normal building industry, and that was a huge achievement". Now, however, there are other certifications which are considered more cutting edge and strict in the field of green building, such as Passive House. 

Much of what draws people to this kind of building techniques comes from varying self motivation, postulates Denzer, "Some people are environmentalists, they're altruistic, and they want to be more responsible than the ordinary consumer. I think that other people want a kind of energy security. Sometimes it's about health and comfort". Regardless of the reason which draws people to this type of building, it is clear that it holds appeal to a wide variety of clientele, as indicated by BERG's current bustling schedule. One of the biggest misconceptions of the costs of Net-Zero homes stems from home buyers unfamiliarity with what costs may be associated with such homes. Although it is hard to generalize about expenses, many Net-Zero homes will cost about 10% more than a traditional build, but monthly costs are often drastically reduced. 

Solar panels sit next to the construction site at the Crowheart project.

Solar panels sit next to the construction site at the Crowheart project.

The Frontier Zero project and BERG have opened avenues for sustainability in Wyoming through their innovations. One of unique aspect of BERG is through their tie to students. BERG works with students which allows the for hands on experience and an amazing educational opportunity. Additionally, the research that BERG is doing is very cutting edge and beneficial for Wyoming. From energy use technologies and strategies to VR technologies that allow clients to more fully envision their homes, there are many services which BERG offers that are pioneering for use in our state. One such pioneering technology that sticks out to Dr. Denzer is the use of electric entities instead of traditional combustion furnaces or water heaters, which is a cutting edge push. This also brings up issues on a wider scale, for reliability from renewable energies, which have natural fluxes, and according to Dr. Denzer, "The move to all electric, to me, is pretty exciting, but it's also a challenge at the utility scale". There are many technologies and innovations which BERG and Dr. Denzer are implementing and teaching to the next generation of architects which are putting Wyoming on the path to be a player in the field of energy efficient home building. 

 

Dr. Anthony Denzer published his book The Solar House: Pioneering Sustainable Design in 2013 and has contributed to many publications. He is currently the department head of Civil and Architectural Engineering at the University of Wyoming. For more information about his book or to see more of his current projects visit his personal website http://solarhousehistory.com. 


Cory Toye - Pioneers of Wyoming Sustainability Profiles by Jon Gardzelewski

Written by Lauren Miller


[Sustainable building] is a rewarding field for us. We enjoy the outcome. We enjoy the process. We enjoy the work. As far as feeling like you’re giving something or being helpful to someone else, it’s hard to get much more intimate than building someone a home.
— Cory Toye
Cory Toye, his son Joe, and their dog Clementine (Tiny) on the Crowheart site.

Cory Toye, his son Joe, and their dog Clementine (Tiny) on the Crowheart site.

There are few people who are doing more impressive work for preserving and promoting sustainability in Wyoming than Cory Toye. After graduating from the University of Wyoming in 2002 with a degree in Economics and Environment and Natural Resources (ENR), Toye worked in construction in Alaska, before ultimately returning to the University of Wyoming to pursue a law degree. Having a keen interest in environmental policy, Toye was especially interested in the environmental and resource aspects of law. This interest lead to Toye pursuing a career with Trout Unlimited, where he still is working today, as the Wyoming Water and Habitat Director.

Despite the bustle of work, Toye and his wife Morgan started flipping homes as a side project. Toye, having worked frequently in construction throughout his life, enjoyed the work as did his wife. Gradually, residents started taking notice of their work and requests for projects began rolling in. Thus, rather organically, the foundation for their construction company was born. The Toyes gave the choice of the company name to their son Joe, who declared that it should be called Builderman, LLC. The company is a family affair, with Cory and Morgan working alongside other family members to run the company. Toye isn't the only sustainable builder in his family, Toye's brother has worked in Alaska in the Cold Climate Housing Research Center. Also, Toye's sister-in-law and her husband work as talented carpenters and designers with a passion for sustainable building, alongside the Toyes. After the company started, it was not long before the requests for custom built homes began rolling in and the company evolved into building primarily custom-built houses. Many of the early projects, including the Toyes' own home, are traditional builds. 

Alongside Toye's personal environmentally-oriented mindset, what established the dive into sustainable building practices emerged from an alumni magazine. Toye read an article about Jon Gardzelewski and his involvement with BERG. Having a longtime interest in sustainable building, Toye knew that this could be an opportunity to venture deeper into building science and sustainable building and reached out to Gardzelewski about being involved as a contractor.

Toye was involved in one of the first BERG projects in the state. As the project progressed, it garnered some attention, including that of Gary and Diana Hedlund. The Hedlunds, the owners of the Crowheart project, came to Cory and Morgan Toye asking about contracting their new home, which they hoped to build with strict, environmentally-minded practices. Because of the remoteness of the building site, contractors with experience in sustainable building practices were limited, as were locally stocked building material of the environmentally-conscious caliber which the Hedlunds were searching for. One hope of Toye's is that by increasingly implementing sustainable technologies, other clients and contractors will be able to see that not only are these types of builds and technologies possible, but that they can offer many benefits. 

Utilizing new technologies and building techniques has been both challenging and rewarding. Some parts of the build, such as the Hedlunds' unique greenhouse room, have required a lot of personal research on the homeowners' part, as well as expert consultations to be able to refrain from "building the wheel" for the uncommon features. Many of the innovative aspects have been done through a sort of group collaboration, with input from the Toyes, BERG and its associates, the Hedlunds, and many others. It has required a lot from both the client and contractor sides, in terms of research, sourcing, and other aspects of the project, or "homework" as Toye refers to it. 

Many aspects of the project were as innovative as they were foreign. The technologies are cutting edge and many of the building techniques are the first to be used in Wyoming, to the best of the crews' knowledge (the mechanics and specifications of the build will be explained more verbosely further on in the Frontier Zero Series). While there were a lot of interesting aspects to the build, one of the most impressive was the unique roof structure, which is only gently sloped and very well insulated, designed to more aptly blend in with the surroundings. One of the things which Toye is most excited about is working with the specialized HVAC system, and implementing similar systems in future builds. 

Cory Toye's son Joe lounges with his dog Tiny while his dad goes over details with the homeowners.

Cory Toye's son Joe lounges with his dog Tiny while his dad goes over details with the homeowners.

The project has also given Toye the chance to work alongside other Wyoming innovators, "It's fun being around passionate people", says Toye, and this project comes with an abundance of passionate people. From the clients to the team of experts at BERG to the subcontractors, there are a lot of innovators in their respective fields. Toye also thinks that the BERG and Frontier-Zero models and general mindset are representing a paradigm shift in the wants of younger homeowners. Toye explains, "Most of my peers aren't interested in a big house, big mortgage. They're starting to look at ways that you can build smart homes that are healthy and low maintenance". 

Most of Toye's heroes are blue collar, "people who are required to do things with skill, with craft". Toye believes that the attitude towards blue collar work is shifting. He believes that more people are adopting crafts not because they are unable to do white collar work, but as a conscious choice. Toye enjoys work that gives tangible results and thinks that the rewards are often much higher; Toye enjoys that this line of work which offers objective and concrete results. This dedication to hard work and craftsmanship is something which Toye and his wife are working hard at to give to their children, "We've always valued work more than leisure... Something that we've always stressed in raising our two boys is that they understand the value of the dollar, the value of work". Work experience starts young in Toye's family. While Cory Toye talked to the homeowners and subcontractors throughout the day, his son Joe ran around the site with his partner-in-crime Clementine, or as you could often hear Joe call to her, "Tiny". The level of family involvement in the company is something which is a point of pride for the Toyes, and a unique experience that they feel fortunate that they can share with their children.

The multi-generational and conservational mindset of Cory Toye is one which can surely benefit Wyoming. From his work at Trout Unlimited, to his presence on the forefront of sustainable building in Wyoming, Toye is clear to leave a lasting impact in the Equality State; not only through his own actions but also through the trades that he is promoting and skills which he is ingraining in the next generation of Wyomingites.